Potere di mercato e controllo dell’opinione pubblica. La valutazione dei rischi per il pluralismo e l’indipendenza editoriale derivanti dalla concentrazione proprietaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32091/RIID0228Parole chiave:
Proprietà, Concentrazione, Pluralismo, Indipendenza editoriale, Potere di mercato, Media plurality test, EMFAAbstract
In premessa, spieghiamo perché la concentrazione della proprietà dei media conta ancora, anche nell’era digitale, riassumendo la letteratura scientifica e l’evoluzione del dibattito politico in Europa che ha portato all’articolo 22 dell’EMFA (valutazione delle concentrazioni del mercato dei media, il cosiddetto “Media plurality test”). Di seguito argomentiamo le ragioni di un approccio olistico, che vada oltre la normativa a tutela della concorrenza per valutare il più ampio impatto della concentrazione della proprietà dei media sulla formazione dell’opinione pubblica, sulla diversità dell’offerta informativa e sulla indipendenza editoriale (lato offerta), nonché sulla diversità nell’esposizione e accesso ai media (lato domanda). Poi si introducono le parole-chiave e gli indicatori del “Media plurality test”, utilizzando gli strumenti concettuali e i risultati del progetto di ricerca Media Pluralism Monitor per analizzarne criticamente la portata e i criteri, per indagare i potenziali problemi e per discutere la relazione tra le concentrazioni di proprietà e l’indipendenza editoriale. Infine, si evidenziano le principali sfide da affrontare.
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