Causa ed effetto dell’intelligenza artificiale: sulla natura giuridica dell’output dell’IA e il suo impatto sul regime di responsabilità
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32091/RIID0267Parole chiave:
Intelligenza Artificiale, Causalità, XAI, ResponsabilitàAbstract
Il contributo esplora criticamente la nozione di autonomia dell’intelligenza artificiale (IA) e il suo impatto sul piano giuridico, ponendo in dialogo informatica, giurisprudenza e recente normazione europea. Attraverso un’analisi comparata delle definizioni di IA e algoritmo, l’articolo tenta di chiarire le implicazioni della capacità adattiva dei sistemi d’intelligenza artificiale, interrogandosi sulla possibilità di attribuire valore giuridico agli output da essi generati. Particolare attenzione è riservata al paradigma causale sotteso ai modelli di machine learning, alla luce della giurisprudenza italiana (sentenza Franzese) e delle previsioni dell’AI Act, con lo scopo di evidenziare limiti strutturali dell’IA rispetto ai concetti di responsabilità, imputabilità e personalità giuridica. L’indagine si conclude con l’analisi di tre contesti applicativi – proprietà intellettuale, sistema giudiziario e ambito medico – per proporre un modello di responsabilità ancorato all’azione umana e coerente con la logica dell’accertamento ex post.
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