Human in the loop. The human being as a conditioning factor of – or conditioned by – artificial intelligence

Abstract

The recent debate has highlighted the link between virtual identities, which have developed with digital and artificial intelligence, and the legal concepts on which jurisprudence is based. These challenges, while already present, have been accentuated by artificial intelligence. “Human in the loop” (HITL) denotes an approach in which humans are involved in the cycle of training and testing algorithms while maintaining a central role in decision-making processes. However, the term “loop” can also mean “noose” and describe a human being trapped in a repetitive, closed loop. The human being can thus be seen as both conditioning and being conditioned by artificial intelligence, with significant implications for self-awareness and identity. This dichotomy offers a research perspective on human being and the relationship between “is” and “ought”.